extenuate的音標為[?k?stenjue?t] ，基本翻譯為減輕、辯解，速記技巧為：exten（延長）+uate（使…）→延長…時間→減輕。

extenuate的英文詞源：

1. 詞根：extenuate這個詞的詞源可以追溯到拉丁語，其中“extenuare”意為“減輕，減少”。

變化形式：

1. 過去式：extenuated

2. 過去分詞：extenuated

3. 現在分詞：extenuating

4. 復數：extenuates

相關單詞：

1. extenuating circumstances：情有可原的情況，減輕罪責的情況。

2. extenuating circumstances can be a mitigating factor in a crime.

3. extenuating circumstances can be used to excuse a person from guilt.

4. extenuating circumstances are not a defense to a crime, but they can be used to reduce the severity of the punishment.

5. extenuating circumstances are not always present in a case, but they can be helpful in understanding why someone committed a crime.

6. extenuating circumstances are different from mitigating factors, which refer to factors that reduce the moral culpability of a crime.

7. extenuating evidence：減輕罪責的證據，有助于減輕罪責的證據。

8. The defense presented extenuating evidence that supported their client"s innocence.

9. The prosecution must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, but extenuating evidence can help establish innocence or mitigate the severity of the punishment.

10. The importance of considering extenuating circumstances in a case cannot be overstated.

以上這些單詞都與extenuate這個詞有直接或間接的關系，它們在法律、證據和情境分析中都有重要的應用。

常用短語：extenuate the evidence（辯解證據）、extenuate the circumstances（緩和情況）、extenuating circumstances（情有可原的情況）、extenuating circumstances exist（存在情有可原的情況）、extenuate the situation（緩和局勢）、extenuate one"s guilt（開脫罪責）

例句：

1. The defendant"s extenuating circumstances were taken into account by the judge.

2. The police found no evidence to support extenuating the situation.

3. She tried to extenuate her mistakes by saying she was tired.

4. The court found that extenuating circumstances existed in this case.

5. The situation was eased by the extenuating circumstances.

6. The defendant"s guilt was extenuated by his lack of previous convictions.

7. We must not allow our emotions to extenuate our actions.

英文小作文：

When we make mistakes, we often try to extenuate our actions by saying that we were under pressure or that we were not fully aware of what we were doing. However, this does not excuse our mistakes and we must take responsibility for our actions. At the same time, we should also recognize that there are often extenuating circumstances that can help us understand why we made a mistake and why we need to learn from it. By acknowledging these circumstances and taking responsibility for our actions, we can move forward and become better people.