extrinsic的音標為[?k?str?ns?z]，基本翻譯為“外在的；非本質(zhì)的”，速記技巧為“外因”或“非內(nèi)在”。

extrinsic這個詞的詞源可以追溯到拉丁語，意為“外在的，外來的”。它的詞形變化形式主要包括復數(shù)extrinsecus和副詞形式extrinsically。

相關(guān)單詞：

1. extrinsic motivation（外在動機）：指由外部因素驅(qū)動的動力，而非由內(nèi)在興趣或自我實現(xiàn)需求驅(qū)動。

2. extrinsic reward（外在獎勵）：與內(nèi)在獎勵相對，通常由外部因素提供，如工資或表揚。

3. extrinsic factor（外在因素）：指環(huán)境、社會、經(jīng)濟等因素，與個體內(nèi)在特質(zhì)或能力相對。

4. extrinsic learning（外在學習）：指通過觀察、模仿或接受外部指導而獲得的知識或技能。

5. extrinsic motivation（外驅(qū)力）：指由外部獎勵或懲罰驅(qū)動的動力。

6. extrinsic value（外在價值）：指事物因外部認可或評價而具有的價值，而非其內(nèi)在價值。

7. extrinsic emotion（外在情感）：指情感反應(yīng)受到外部因素的影響，如社會期望、他人的評價等。

8. extrinsic reward system（外在獎勵系統(tǒng)）：指以外部獎勵為導向的系統(tǒng)，通常與內(nèi)在獎勵系統(tǒng)相對。

9. extrinsic motivation theory（外在動機理論）：一種動機理論，強調(diào)外部因素對個體行為的影響。

以上這些單詞都與extrinsic這個詞源密切相關(guān)，它們在不同的語境中描述了外在因素對個體行為、情感和學習的不同影響。

常用短語：

1. extrinsic motivation

2. extrinsic reward

3. external pressure

4. extrinsic factors

5. external factors

6. extrinsic incentives

7. extrinsic motivation vs intrinsic motivation

例句：

1. She resorted to extrinsic rewards to encourage her students to study hard.

2. The teacher used external pressure to make the students pay attention to their studies.

3. The extrinsic factors in the job market are becoming increasingly challenging.

4. The company"s extrinsic incentives are designed to motivate employees to work harder.

5. Extrinsic motivation can be helpful in the short term, but it"s not sustainable in the long run.

6. The intrinsic and extrinsic rewards of a job are crucial for career satisfaction.

英文小作文：

Extrinsic vs Intrinsic Motivation

Motivation is essential for success in life and work, but there are two types of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation refers to motivation that comes from external sources, such as rewards or recognition, while intrinsic motivation comes from within and is driven by interests, passions, and personal fulfillment.

Extrinsic motivation can be helpful in the short term, but it can also lead to dependency and lack of sustainability. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation is more likely to lead to true engagement and long-term commitment, as it is rooted in personal fulfillment and happiness. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between the two types of motivation and encourage employees, students, and ourselves to find our true sources of motivation and fulfillment.