by now的音標(biāo)是[ba? n?w]，基本翻譯為“到目前為止，迄今為止”。速記技巧是：由by+now組成，by是介詞，now是副詞，組合使用表示時(shí)間的范圍。

By now這個(gè)詞的詞源可以追溯到古英語(yǔ)by-now，它是由by（在旁邊）+ now（現(xiàn)在）組成的，表示“現(xiàn)在”的意思。

By now的變化形式主要有復(fù)數(shù)形式by nows，現(xiàn)在分詞by-nowing，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞by-nowed。

相關(guān)單詞有：now，nowadays，noon，new，next，modern，previous，latter，subsequent等。這些單詞都與時(shí)間、位置、新舊、順序等概念有關(guān)，與by now有著密切的聯(lián)系。例如，now表示現(xiàn)在，nowadays表示現(xiàn)在（通常），new表示新的，next表示下一個(gè)等。這些單詞在英語(yǔ)中廣泛應(yīng)用，是英語(yǔ)詞匯的重要組成部分。

總之，By now作為時(shí)間副詞，表示“到現(xiàn)在為止”，其詞源和變化形式以及相關(guān)單詞都與時(shí)間和現(xiàn)在的概念有關(guān)。

常用短語(yǔ)：

1. by now 現(xiàn)在

2. up to now 到目前為止

3. as of now 從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始

4. until now 到目前為止

5. now and then 時(shí)而

6. from now on 今后

7. in the meantime 與此同時(shí)

例句：

1. I hope to have a chance to work in a big company by now. (我希望現(xiàn)在能有機(jī)會(huì)在一家大公司工作。)

2. Up to now, I have learned a lot of new skills in this internship program. (到目前為止，我在這個(gè)實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目中已經(jīng)學(xué)到了很多新的技能。)

3. As of now, I am planning to start my own business in the future. (我現(xiàn)在計(jì)劃將來(lái)自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。)

4. Until now, I have been trying to improve my English skills through reading and speaking practice. (到目前為止，我一直通過(guò)閱讀和口語(yǔ)練習(xí)來(lái)提高我的英語(yǔ)技能。)

5. Now and then, I like to go for a walk in the park to clear my mind. (時(shí)而我喜歡去公園散步以放松心情。)

6. From now on, I am committed to studying hard and achieving my goals. (今后，我決心努力學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)我的目標(biāo)。)

7. In the meantime, we must prepare for the future and make sure we are ready for whatever comes our way. (與此同時(shí)，我們必須為未來(lái)做好準(zhǔn)備，確保我們?yōu)槿魏慰赡馨l(fā)生的事情做好準(zhǔn)備。)

英文小作文：

Now that summer vacation is coming to an end, I am looking forward to returning to school and starting a new semester. By now, I have learned a lot of new things during my vacation, but I am also eager to learn more and grow as a student. I hope to make some new friends and participate in various activities to enhance my skills and experience. Additionally, I am looking forward to the opportunity to work on group projects with my classmates, as it will provide me with valuable team-building experience. Overall, I am excited about the new challenges and opportunities that lie ahead and am confident that I will make progress and achieve my goals this semester.